Clarify purpose and participation
Explain what the study is trying to understand, what participation involves and how information will be used. Use language suited to the participants and allow space for questions. Follow the ethics and approval processes that apply to the institution and the research setting.
Consider the relationship
The relationship between a researcher and a participant matters. A student, employee or service user may feel pressure to take part. Consider how voluntary participation can be supported and how declining can be made a meaningful choice.
Collect only what is needed
Review each item of information you plan to collect. Ask how it relates to the research question and whether a less identifying form would be sufficient. Plan where records will be kept, who can access them and when they will be reviewed for retention.
Think before sharing
A name is only one possible identifier. A combination of context, quotations and unusual circumstances can also reveal identity. Review reports and presentations with that possibility in mind.
Plan for changes
Research situations can change. A new question, participant group or data source may require further review. Keep decisions documented and seek appropriate advice when the ethical implications are unclear.
Use this note appropriately
This is an introductory reflection guide. It does not replace an institutional ethics review, participant information process or the requirements applicable to a particular study.